भारत CLIMEX - Climate Explorer for India

Projections (CMIP6) NEX-GDDP IIT Gandhinagar IIT Delhi

Observations IMD ERA5 Princeton

ACCESS-CM2 ACCESS-ESM1-5 BCC-CSM2-MR CanESM5 EC-Earth3-Veg EC-Earth3 INM-CM4-8 INM-CM5-0 MPI-ESM1-2-HR MPI-ESM1-2-LR MRI-ESM2-0 NorESM2-LM NorESM2-MM Multi-model Ensemble

Essential Climate Variables Precipitation Maximum temperature Minimum temperature

Climate Extreme Indices (Annual) Precipitation Indices Absolute Indices

Annual total wet- day precipitation (mm) 1-day maximum precipitation (mm) 3-day maximum precipitation (mm) 5-day maximum precipitation (mm) Daily precipitation intensity (mm/day)

Duration Indices

Consecutive dry days Consecutive wet days

Percentile Indices

Total annual precipitation from heavy rain days (mm) Contribution from very wet days (%) Total annual precipitation from very heavy rain days (mm) Contribution from extremely wet days (%)

Threshold Indices

Number of heavy rain days Number of very heavy rain days Number of days when precipitation >= 30 mm

Temperature Absolute Indices

Annual mean daily maximum temperature (°C) Annual coldest daily maximum temperature (°C) Annual warmest daily maximum temperature (°C) Annual mean daily minimum temperature Annual coldest daily minimum temperature (°C) Annual warmest daily minimum temperature (°C) Daily mean temperature (°C) Diurnal temperature range (°C) Growing degree Days (°C) Cooling degree Days (°C) Heating degree Days (°C) Very warm day threshold (95p tmax °C)

Duration Indices

Tropical nights (Tmin > 20°C) Summer days (Tmax > 25°C) Hot days (Tmax >=30°C) Very hot days(Tmax >=35°C) Warm spell duration indicator (2 or more consecutive days with Tmax>90p) Warm spell duration indicator (6 or more consecutive days with Tmax>90p) Frost days (Tmin < 0°C) Frost days (Tmin <2°C) Hard freeze days (Tmin <-2°C) Very Hard freeze days (Tmin <-20°C) Cold spell duration indicator (2 or more consecutive days with Tmin <10p) Cold spell duration indicator (6 or more consecutive days with Tmin <10p) Average temperature above 10°C (days) Average temperature above 5°C (days) Average temperature below 10°C (days) Average temperature below 5°C (days) Growing season length (days)

Percentile Indices

Amount of cool days (% days with Tmax <10p) Amount of hot days (% days with Tmax >90p) Above average Days (% days with Tmax >50p) Amount of cold nights (% days with Tmin <10p) Amount of hot nights (% days with Tmax >90p) 2 consecutive days of hot days and nights (events) 2 consecutive days of cold days and nights (events)

Heatwave Indices Heatwave as defined by the Excess Cold Factor

Heatwave amplitude Heatwave duration Heatwave frequency Heatwave magnitude

Heatwave as defined by the Excess Heat Factor

Heatwave amplitude Heatwave duration Heatwave frequency Heatwave magnitude

Quantity Mean Changes

Period Baseline (1985-2014) Baseline (1995-2014)

Scenario SSP2-4.5 SSP5-8.5

Near term (2021-2050) Medium term (2041-2070) Long term (2071-2100)

Near term (2021-2040) Medium term (2041-2060) Long term (2081-2100)

Annual January to February March to May June to September October to December

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